What hormones does the pancreas secrete?

The pancreas plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels through the secretion of two main hormones: insulin and glucagon. Insulin is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas and is essential for lowering blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells for energy use or storage as glycogen in the liver and muscles. On the other hand, glucagon is produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas and serves to raise blood glucose levels by stimulating the conversion of glycogen back into glucose in the liver when blood sugar levels drop.

This dual hormone functionality allows the pancreas to maintain homeostasis in the body's energy supply, responding effectively to varying blood glucose levels. The other hormone combinations listed in the options do not pertain to the functions of the pancreas, as they either belong to different glands or are involved in different regulatory processes in the body.