What is the role of glucagon produced by the pancreas?

Glucagon plays a crucial role in maintaining blood glucose levels, particularly when they fall too low. It is a hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas in response to decreased blood sugar levels. When released into the bloodstream, glucagon stimulates the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose through a process known as glycogenolysis. This release of glucose into the bloodstream raises blood sugar levels, providing the body with the necessary energy, especially during fasting or between meals.

In contrast, other options presented do not capture the primary function of glucagon. The hormone's central role is not to lower blood glucose levels or to promote insulin secretion, as insulin has the opposite effect, lowering blood glucose levels. Additionally, while glucagon influences metabolism, it does not enhance fat storage; rather, it helps to mobilize energy reserves. Understanding glucagon's function is essential for managing conditions such as diabetes, where blood glucose regulation is critical.