What triggers hyperglycemia in individuals with diabetes?

Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, in individuals with diabetes is primarily triggered by factors that increase the body's demand for insulin or lead to an overproduction of glucose in the bloodstream. The correct answer highlights that infection, high food intake, and stress can significantly raise blood glucose levels.

Infection can induce a stress response in the body, releasing stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline that can increase blood sugar levels. These hormones promote gluconeogenesis, the process through which the liver produces more glucose, which may not be properly utilized due to insufficient insulin action or production.

Similarly, high food intake, particularly meals rich in carbohydrates, can elevate blood sugar levels. When there is an abundance of glucose from dietary sources, individuals with diabetes may struggle to effectively use or manage it, leading to hyperglycemia.

Stress can come from various sources—physical, emotional, or psychological—and this can lead to increased blood sugar levels as well. During periods of stress, the body prepares to deal with perceived threats, which often mobilizes energy stores, including glucose, resulting in elevated blood sugar.

In contrast, the other answer choices relate to factors that typically lower blood sugar levels or are not directly implicated in causing hyperglycemia. For instance, low glucose levels or too