Which types of diabetes mellitus are the most prevalent?

The most prevalent types of diabetes mellitus are Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin. Although it is less common than Type 2, awareness and understanding of Type 1 are crucial, as individuals with this type require lifelong insulin therapy.

Type 2 diabetes, on the other hand, is much more common. It typically develops due to insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. Factors such as obesity, physical inactivity, and genetics often contribute to its development. This type accounts for the vast majority of diabetes cases globally, making it a significant public health concern.

By identifying Type 1 and Type 2 as the most prevalent types, the response correctly reflects the general trends observed in diabetes statistics. Gestational diabetes primarily affects pregnant women and is not as prevalent as Type 2, while Type 3 diabetes is considered a theoretical framework for understanding cognitive impairment in diabetes but does not have a recognized clinical classification like Type 1 and Type 2. Prediabetes indicates an increased risk for Type 2 but does not constitute a separate type of diabetes in terms of prevalence.